Understanding Hollow Point Ammunition Laws in California: What Gun Owners Need to Know

By Rebecca WilliamsLast Updated May 14, 2025

Introduction: Hollow Point Ammunition and California Law

Hollow point bullets are a common type of expanding ammunition used by civilians and law enforcement for self-defense and security purposes. Due to their design, which causes the bullet to expand upon impact, they are prized for their ability to maximize stopping power while minimizing the risk of over-penetration. However, gun owners in California often face confusion regarding the legality and use of hollow point ammunition. This article provides a detailed examination of the current laws, regulations, penalties, exceptions, and actionable steps to ensure lawful and responsible ownership of hollow point bullets in California.

Are Hollow Points Legal in California?

Hollow point ammunition is not illegal for personal use in California. Civilians may purchase, possess, and use hollow point bullets within the state, provided they comply with all relevant laws and ammunition regulations [1] . Statewide, there is no outright ban on hollow point bullets for most residents, and these bullets are routinely used for self-defense and by law enforcement agencies [2] . This is in contrast to states like New Jersey, where civilian possession of hollow points is much more restricted [4] .

Key Regulations and Restrictions

While the use of hollow point bullets is legal, California enforces comprehensive regulations on ammunition sales and possession. The state is known for its strict gun control measures. As of 2019, California became the first state to require a point-of-sale background check for all ammunition purchases, including hollow point bullets [3] . Here are the main regulatory elements:

Background Checks: All ammunition purchases, including hollow points, require a background check at the point of sale. Buyers must provide identification and pass a screening conducted by the California Department of Justice.
Vendor Licensing: Only licensed ammunition vendors may sell hollow point bullets. Individuals selling more than 500 rounds per month must obtain a state-issued ammunition vendor license.
Age Restrictions: The minimum age to purchase ammunition in California is 21 years.
Prohibited Persons: Individuals prohibited from owning firearms (such as convicted felons or those with certain restraining orders) are also barred from possessing ammunition, including hollow points.
Transport and Storage: Transporting hollow point bullets must comply with state and local laws, especially when crossing into areas with additional restrictions (e.g., school zones).

To purchase hollow point ammunition in California, visit a licensed vendor, bring government-issued identification, and be prepared for a background check. For those interested in becoming vendors, official information is available by searching for ‘California Department of Justice Ammunition Vendor License.’

Local Ordinances and Exceptions

Some California cities have attempted to enact additional restrictions on hollow point ammunition. For example, San Francisco implemented a ban on the sale of hollow point bullets within city limits in 1994. However, recent court decisions and legal analyses indicate that such local ordinances may be unconstitutional or preempted by state law [2] . As a result, statewide regulations take precedence, and most local bans are not enforced. Still, gun owners should always verify the latest local rules by contacting their city or county law enforcement agency before purchasing or transporting hollow points.

There are also exceptions to certain state laws. Military personnel, law enforcement officers, and individuals with specific licenses may be exempt from some restrictions. For law enforcement, hollow point bullets are expressly allowed to reduce the risk of over-penetration and collateral damage [1] . For civilians, no special license is required to own or use hollow points for lawful purposes, but all other state ammunition rules must be followed.

Penalties for Violations

Violating California’s ammunition laws can result in significant penalties . Illegal possession, purchase, or use of hollow point bullets (such as by a prohibited person, or in restricted areas) can lead to fines, jail time, and loss of firearm rights [1] . Penalties vary depending on the circumstances, prior violations, and whether the infraction involved an attempt to commit another crime.

For example, bringing hollow point ammunition onto school grounds without a valid exception can trigger both criminal and administrative penalties. It is vital to stay informed about updates to state and local laws, as regulations may change over time.

Practical Guidance for Lawful Ownership

To ensure compliance and avoid inadvertent legal trouble, gun owners in California should take the following steps:

Purchase Only from Licensed Vendors: Always buy hollow point ammunition from a vendor licensed by the California Department of Justice. Verify the seller’s credentials and keep purchase receipts for your records.
Complete Required Background Checks: Bring valid identification and be prepared to undergo a background check every time you purchase ammunition.
Verify Your Eligibility: If you have any doubts about your eligibility to own or purchase ammunition, consult with a qualified attorney or contact the California Department of Justice for clarification.
Understand Local Laws: Research city and county ordinances before transporting or storing hollow points, particularly in sensitive locations such as near schools or government buildings. If you are unsure, contact your local police or sheriff’s office for guidance.
Keep Records: Maintain documentation of ammunition purchases and storage practices. This can be useful in demonstrating lawful compliance if questioned by authorities.

For more information, you can visit the Giffords Law Center or search for ‘California ammunition regulations’ on the official California Department of Justice website. If you need legal advice, consider contacting a qualified firearms attorney familiar with California law.

Common Questions and Real-World Examples

Can I use hollow point bullets for home defense? Yes, California law allows residents to use hollow point ammunition for self-defense in the home, provided all other regulations are met [1] .

What should I do if I travel with hollow points in California? When transporting ammunition, keep it securely stored and separated from firearms. If traveling to a different city or county, check for any local restrictions and store documentation of your purchases and eligibility.

Are there alternatives to hollow point bullets? Full metal jacket (FMJ) bullets are another common type of ammunition. While FMJs are generally legal, they do not expand upon impact and may pose a higher risk of over-penetration. Many gun owners prefer hollow points for self-defense due to their enhanced safety profile [4] .

How do I find licensed ammunition vendors? To locate a licensed vendor, search for ‘ammunition vendor’ and your city name, or consult the California Department of Justice’s official list of licensed vendors. You may also ask local gun shops about their licensing status.

Staying Up to Date and Avoiding Legal Pitfalls

California’s firearms and ammunition laws are subject to frequent changes and legal challenges. For the latest information, gun owners are encouraged to:

Monitor updates from reputable organizations such as the Giffords Law Center and state agencies.
Consult local law enforcement agencies for clarification on ambiguous issues.
Seek legal counsel if facing criminal charges or regulatory questions regarding ammunition.

By staying informed, following proper procedures, and maintaining documentation, you can lawfully possess and use hollow point bullets in California without jeopardizing your rights or safety.